Intelligent Technologies for Sustainable Energy Transitions and System Reliability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61424/sxram004Keywords:
Artificial intelligence, Renewable energy, Energy transition, Smart grid, System reliability, Digitalization, Energy storageAbstract
The evolution towards renewable energy is progressing rapidly. However, at the same time, it creates more complicated systems. Various intelligent technologies, for example, artificial intelligence, machine learning, digital twins, and advanced forecasting, can help to overcome all the problems with renewable energy technologies. Thus, this paper reviews the role of these technologies in sustainable development and focuses on the following topics: forecasting of renewable energy supply, optimization of the electric grid, demand management, energy storage, predictive maintenance, and stability of systems. Recognize advancements in technology, advantages from operations, obstacles to implementation, and current research trends. Renewable energy contributed approximately 92.5% of the global power capacity in 2024, indicating the need for enhanced flexibility and smarter operation of systems. On the other hand, data centers consumed nearly 1.5% of global electricity, which reflects the growing energy demand of information infrastructure. According to what has been analyzed, intelligent systems may facilitate predicting, operational coordinating, utilizing equipment, and making instant decisions, but efficiency benefits vary significantly depending on system arrangement. With this in view, it becomes apparent that future transitions in energy production will need to include integrated use of intelligent technologies along with storage, flexible demand, smart grids, reliable and secure data systems, and relevant regulations in order to provide sustainable and reliable energy systems.
References
Akhtaruzzaman, M., Barman, S. C., Hossain, M. A., Ahmad, M., & Ali, R. A. (2025). Cloud enabled AI smart energy infrastructure for industrial and utility applications. International Conference on Energy Conservation and Efficiency (ICECE), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/icece69114.2025.11272935
Brauns, J., & Turek, T. (2020). Alkaline water electrolysis Powered by Renewable Energy: a review. Processes, 8(2), 248. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8020248
Breyer, C., Khalili, S., Bogdanov, D., Ram, M., Oyewo, A. S., Aghahosseini, A., Gulagi, A., Solomon, A. A., Keiner, D., Lopez, G., Ostergaard, P. A., Lund, H., Mathiesen, B. V., Jacobson, M. Z., Victoria, M., Teske, S., Pregger, T., Fthenakis, V., Raugei, M., . . . Sovacool, B. K. (2022b). On the History and Future of 100% Renewable Energy Systems Research. IEEE Access, 10, 78176–78218. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2022.3193402
Campana, P., Censi, R., Ruggieri, R., & Amendola, C. (2025). Smart Grids and Sustainability: The impact of digital technologies on the energy transition. Energies, 18(9), 2149. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092149
Carley, S., & Konisky, D. M. (2020). The justice and equity implications of the clean energy transition. Nature Energy, 5(8), 569–577. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-0641-6
Cavus, M. (2025). Advancing Power Systems with Renewable Energy and Intelligent Technologies: A Comprehensive Review on Grid Transformation and Integration. Electronics, 14(6), 1159. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14061159
Dincer, I., & Acar, C. (2015). A review on clean energy solutions for better sustainability. International Journal of Energy Research, 39(5), 585–606. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3329
Duer, S., Rokosz, K., Zajkowski, K., Bernatowicz, D., Ostrowski, A., Woźniak, M., & Iqbal, A. (2022). Intelligent systems supporting the use of energy devices and other complex technical objects: modeling, testing, and analysis of their reliability in the operating process. Energies, 15(17), 6414. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176414
Farghali, M., Osman, A. I., Mohamed, I. M. A., Chen, Z., Chen, L., Ihara, I., Yap, P., & Rooney, D. W. (2023). Strategies to save energy in the context of the energy crisis: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 21(4), 2003–2039. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-023-01591-5
Hossain, A., Oyebode, D., Imon, K. a. A., Faisal, S. M. W., & Vayyala, R. (2025). Analyzing how MIS can optimize the distribution of energy in smart grids, focusing on data-driven decision-making processes. Journal of Smart Internet of Things, 2025(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.2478/jsiot-2025-0004
Hossain, M. A. (2025). Residual stress mitigation and distortion control in laser powder bed fusion components for High-Reliability Engineering applications. American Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Solutions, 01(02), 173–215. https://doi.org/10.63125/1b3nyj37
Hossain, M. A., & Bhuiyan, M. A. A. (2025). Digital twin-based process optimization and defect prediction in metal additive manufacturing for critical mechanical components. Brit. J. Multidiscip. Stud, 3(2), 57-72.
Hossain, M. A., Dangol, S., Hasan, D. W., & Badugu, D. (2023). Thermal Performance Study of Additively Manufactured Compact Heat Exchangers for Industrial Energy Systems. Journal of Mechanical, Civil and Industrial Engineering, 4(4), 86-103.
Hossain, M. S., & Rahman, M. A. (2022). Integration of solar thermal energy and solar electricity generation for sustainable power production. Central Asian Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science. https://doi.org/10.51699/cajotas.v3i5.1696
Hossain, M. S., Patel, U., & Chadni, F. H. (2024). Key factors affecting high-voltage insulation performance: Evidence from environmental contamination, partial discharge, and preventive maintenance. Applied IT & Engineering, 2(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.25163/engineering.2110771
Howlader, M. N., Chowdhury, S., Imon, K. a. A., Khan, G. J., Mehedi, M. K. H., Rabbi, M. F., Islam, A., & Alif, S. a. Z. (2026). Design and implementation of a low-cost IoT-enabled dual-axis photovoltaic tracking system with experimental and simulation-based validation. Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43067-026-00351-z
Imon, K. a. A., Chowdhury, B. S., Robbani, M. S., Rahman, M. A., Ahmed, N., & Anonto, H. Z. (2025). Advanced nonlinear state estimation of degrading battery systems via unscented kalman filtering. IEEE PES Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies - Middle East (ISGT Middle East), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/isgtmiddleeast65737.2025.11314288
Imon, K. a. A., Robbani, M. S., Chowdhury, B. S., Arthey, A. G., Ahmed, N., & Amin, N. (2025). Lightweight Kalman filtering for battery pack SOC estimation: A Bar-Delta approach. International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT), 4555–4560. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccit68739.2025.11491411
Kabeyi, M. J. B., & Olanrewaju, O. A. (2023). Smart grid technologies and application in the sustainable energy transition: a review. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 42(1), 685–758. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2023.2222298
Kalair, A., Abas, N., Saleem, M. S., Kalair, A. R., & Khan, N. (2020). Role of energy storage systems in energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables. Energy Storage, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/est2.135
Kittner, N., Lill, F., & Kammen, D. M. (2017). Energy storage deployment and innovation for the clean energy transition. Nature Energy, 2(9). https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.125
Kroposki, B., Johnson, B., Zhang, Y., Gevorgian, V., Denholm, P., Hodge, B., & Hannegan, B. (2017). Achieving a 100% Renewable Grid: Operating Electric Power Systems with Extremely High Levels of Variable Renewable Energy. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 15(2), 61–73. https://doi.org/10.1109/mpe.2016.2637122
Kumar, D., Zare, F., & Ghosh, A. (2017). DC Microgrid Technology: system architectures, AC grid interfaces, grounding schemes, power quality, communication networks, applications, and standardizations aspects. IEEE Access, 5, 12230–12256. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2017.2705914
Kyriakarakos, G. (2025). Artificial intelligence and the energy transition. Sustainability, 17(3), 1140. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17031140
Lu, Y., Khan, Z. A., Alvarez-Alvarado, M. S., Zhang, Y., Huang, Z., & Imran, M. (2020). A Critical review of sustainable energy Policies for the promotion of renewable energy sources. Sustainability, 12(12), 5078. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12125078
Mensah, J. (2019). Sustainable development: Meaning, history, principles, pillars, and implications for human action: Literature review. Cogent Social Sciences, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1653531
Mohanty, S. P., Choppali, U., & Kougianos, E. (2016). Everything you wanted to know about smart cities: The Internet of things is the backbone. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 5(3), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2016.2556879
Motlagh, N. H., Mohammadrezaei, M., Hunt, J., & Zakeri, B. (2020). Internet of things (IoT) and the energy sector. Energies, 13(2), 494. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13020494
Mourtzis, D., Angelopoulos, J., & Panopoulos, N. (2022). A Literature Review of the Challenges and Opportunities of the Transition from Industry 4.0 to Society 5.0. Energies, 15(17), 6276. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176276
Newaz, A. A. H., Al Imon, K. A., Jahan, R., & Tanvir, I. K. (2022). Advanced Motor Design and Optimization for High-Efficiency Industrial Applications. Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 28(4), 697-713.
Osman, A. I., Chen, L., Yang, M., Msigwa, G., Farghali, M., Fawzy, S., Rooney, D. W., & Yap, P. (2022). Cost, environmental impact, and resilience of renewable energy under a changing climate: a review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 21(2), 741–764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-022-01532-8
Parmentola, A., Petrillo, A., Tutore, I., & De Felice, F. (2021). Is blockchain able to enhance environmental sustainability? A systematic review and research agenda from the perspective of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Business Strategy and the Environment, 31(1), 194–217. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2882
Qazi, A., Hussain, F., Rahim, N. A., Hardaker, G., Alghazzawi, D., Shaban, K., & Haruna, K. (2019). Towards Sustainable Energy: A Systematic review of renewable energy sources, technologies, and public opinions. IEEE Access, 7, 63837–63851. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2906402
Rahman, M. A., & Hossain, M. S. (2021). Intelligent optimisation for power system stability: A comparative expert-survey analysis of artificial neural networks, particle swarm optimisation, genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic, and hybrid AI approaches. Journal of Primeasia, 2(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.25163/primeasia.2110773
Rathor, S. K., & Saxena, D. (2020b). Energy management system for smart grid: An overview and key issues. International Journal of Energy Research, 44(6), 4067–4109. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4883
Sayed, E., Olabi, A., Alami, A., Radwan, A., Mdallal, A., Rezk, A., & Abdelkareem, M. (2023). Renewable energy and energy storage systems. Energies, 16(3), 1415. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16031415
Selvam, A. P., & Al-Humairi, S. N. S. (2024). Environmental impact evaluation using smart real-time weather monitoring systems: a systematic review. Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01817-7
Strielkowski, W., Civín, L., Tarkhanova, E., Tvaronavičienė, M., & Petrenko, Y. (2021). Renewable Energy in the Sustainable Development of Electrical Power Sector: A review. Energies, 14(24), 8240. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248240
Tabor, D. P., Roch, L. M., Saikin, S. K., Kreisbeck, C., Sheberla, D., Montoya, J. H., Dwaraknath, S., Aykol, M., Ortiz, C., Tribukait, H., Amador-Bedolla, C., Brabec, C. J., Maruyama, B., Persson, K. A., & Aspuru-Guzik, A. (2018). Accelerating the discovery of materials for clean energy in the era of smart automation. Nature Reviews Materials, 3(5), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-018-0005-z
Tasnia, R., & Hossain, M. S. (2026). Investment barriers and financing solutions for critical energy infrastructure projects. Pacific Journal of Advanced Engineering Innovations, 3(1), 89–96. https://doi.org/10.70818/pjaei.v03i01.0246
Telukunta, V., Pradhan, J., Agrawal, A., Singh, M., & Srivani, S. G. (2017). Protection challenges under bulk penetration of renewable energy resources in power systems: A review. CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 3(4), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.17775/cseejpes.2017.00030
Ullah, M. S., Hossain, M. S., & Ullah, S. M. E. (2025). Wireless power transfer adoption in smart renewable energy networks: A quantitative study of awareness, perceived benefits, technical barriers, and renewable integration. Energy Environment and Economy, 3(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.25163/energy.3110770
Wyrwicka, M. K., Więcek-Janka, E., & Brzeziński, Ł. (2023). Transition to Sustainable Energy System for Smart Cities—Literature review. Energies, 16(21), 7224. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16217224
Zhang, X., Fu, X., Xue, Y., Chang, X., & Bai, X. (2023). A review on basic theory and technology of agricultural energy internet. IET Renewable Power Generation, 18(7), 1318–1331. https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12808
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Marchan James Kisavio (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
